Essential oils were isolated by hydro-distillation from the arial parts and seeds of Pimpinella eriocarpa banks & Soland Individually that were collected from khojir (Northeast of Tehran province).The yields of arial parts and seed oils were 1.3% and 5.7%w/w, respectively. Fifteen constituents in the aerial parts oil and eight constituents in seed oil were identified.Major constituents of the aerial parts oil were Pregeijerene (59.9%), Limonene (17.6%) and Elemicin (12.5%). Major constituents of the seed oil were Limonene (49.3%) and Elemicin (44.5%).Two major compounds (Limonene and Elemicin) were common in both of the oils. Seven trace constituents of the aerial parts oil were not found in the seed oil at all.

Purpose: The purpose of this applied research is to study the effectiveness of gamification on corporate training.  Methodology: A gamified course was designed and implemented to train the location of Fire Hosing Cabinet for 24 employees of a firefighting maintenance company in Iran Mall shopping Center in Tehran. Using a quantitative quasi-experimental research plan (post-test only control group design) the participants of the study were randomly assigned to treatment (12) and control (12) groups and trained for a week.  Conclusion: The descriptive and interpretive result of the posttest analyses indicated the effectiveness of gamification of the training performed for the employees of the firefighting maintenance company in Iran Mall shopping Center in Tehran. Moreover, the descriptive result of Gamification Acceptance Questionnaire answered by the members of the experimental group after gamified training indicated that all the participants in the experimental group were satisfied with the gamified training course.

Financing infrastructure projects and industrial development initiatives has always been one of the main challenges faced by developing countries, in which development banks can play a significant role. development banks are financial institutions whose primary function is to provide long-term financing for productive and infrastructural sectors, often accompanied by technical and managerial assistance. The activities of these banks, due to their developmental nature, differ fundamentally from those of commercial banks. Commercial banks generally aim at generating profit and maximizing shareholder wealth by extending loans that are short-term, quick-yielding, and low-risk. In contrast, development banks, through mobilizing and allocating medium-and long-term resources, encouraging and facilitating private sector investment, and offering expert technical services in legal and economic domains, seek to address investment-related challenges. The present study, using a descriptive method, examines the financing mechanisms of selected development banks in various countries and their role in investment and economic development. The findings indicate that equity ownership in enterprises and providing their financial needs, with a defined exit strategy—referred to as enterprise creation—is among the common approaches adopted by these banks. This approach, for reasons such as reducing information asymmetry between lenders and borrowers, mitigating agency problems, aligning the interests of enterprises and banks, and granting enterprises long-term access to financial resources, can play a critical role in capital formation. Therefore, in the current state of the Iranian economy, where the need for investment is strongly felt and where information asymmetry increases the likelihood of diverting credit toward non-productive activities, adopting this approach in financing can pave the way for higher levels of development and economic growth in targeted sectors.

Objective: Designing a sustainable business model centered on a resilient economy can support innovative, infrastructure, and often high-risk businesses in the economies of developing countries. This model seeks to balance the financial and non-financial dimensions, relying on internal capabilities and using external capacities to turn pressures, constraints into opportunities. Methodology: The orientation of this research is applied, the philosophy of research is interpretive, the approach of research is inductive, the purpose of research is exploratory, its nature is mixed and the strategy used has been in the qualitative part of theme analysis and in the quantitative part of survey. The method of collecting semi-structured interview data was from experts of development banks, which reached theoretical saturation with 15 interviews. Findings: Interpretive structural equation method has been used to level the extracted categories. Based on the results, the first level includes redefining development plans, monitoring the environment and creating and identifying potential capacity; the second level: developmental accreditation; the third level, people-centeredness; Risk-taking, agility improvement and the fourth level of financial structure have been stable. Conclusion: Sustainable business model with a focus on resistance economics leads to effective implementation of development banks' mission

This paper examines the role of development banks in the fixed investment formation and economic growth of the country with emphasis on the facilities granted by development banks. To do this, quarterly data of the country's development banks in the period 2006-2020 and experimental tests related to the causal relationship of variables and estimating the long-run relationship between variables were used with the Granger causality test and vector autoregression method (var).The results show that the development sector facilities and total banking network facilities (except for development sector facilities) have had positive and significant effects on fixed investment formation and other banking network payment facilities except the development sector and liquidity volume have had no significant effcets. Regarding the relationship between the liquidity and total paid facilities of the banking system, with the variable of fixed investment formation, the results show that all paid facilities have had positive and significant effects and liquidity has insignificant effects on fixed investment formation. According to the results of the long-run relationship, the development sector facilities and the volume of liquidity, in the long run, have had a significant relationship with fixed investment formaton in the Iranian economy. According to the results of the short-run relationship, development sector facilities have had positive and significant impacts on fixed investment formation and investment in the economy. Therefore, it can be concluded that the development sector facilities in both the short-term and long-term have been able to have a positive and significant effect on fixed investment formation

development banks play an essential role in the field of international entreneurship as part of the financing cycle in designing a comprehensive business model. Considering the novelty and expantion of international entreneurship in Iranian banking systems, the purpose of this study is to extract the effective component and sub component of the business model of development banks from the viewpoint of the international entrepreneurship. Accordingly, data were extracted through semi-structured interviews with 17 knowledgeable experts and in data analysis, inductive content analysis and MAXQDA2018 software used. The research model is designed in the form of 11 main components and a comprehensive subset of the advantages of other models and can provide effective communication and coordination between different internal and external units of the bank and make existing strategies more effective by creating an entrepreneurial ecosystem to create and gain value.

banks play an important role in economic development. The access to bank financing allows many firms to carry out investment projects, which prompt economic development. Numerous studies have underlined that monetary policy is a key element in determining banks’ loan supply. Monetary development raises the scope of monetary policy and improves policy performance. This study examines the effect of monetary development on banks’ loan supply in various banks in Iran. In this Article, Iranian banks were categorized into three types; i. e. state, private, and Principle 44. The analysis is performed using the Seemingly Unrelated regression over the period of 2011 to 2017. The results indicated that monetary development has positive and significant effects on the banks’ loan supply by various types of Iranian banks, as a result, banks are following the policies of the central bank. The results also showed that state banks and Principle 44 banks were more influenced by central bank policies than private banks, or that most of these policies were accompanied. Other variables include interest rates on facilities, GDP and internal variables of banks, capital adequacy ratio, and share of cash assets from total assets and size of the bank also have a significant impact in this regard.

In recent years, the use of strategic management has been widespread in various fields, including the field of human resources. many organizations are working to identify their desired future and focus on achieving their goals. In this regard, the purpose of this research was to design a model for the development of human resources strategies at the level of private banks in the country using a mixed research method. The statistical population in the qualitative section included all available resources and documents in 278 cases, which was selected by systematic extra-systematic method of 141 sources. The participants in the quantitative section included 402 private key bankers who, based on the Morgan table, 196 were selected by stratified random sampling. In the qualitative section with exploratory approach, documents were examined in the framework of the method of the analysis of the subject. to collect information in a quantitive section, a researcher made questionnaire whose validity was calculated by Cronbach's alpha. The results of the first question was identification of 817 key propositions, 32 basic themes, 17 themes and 7 main themes including "strategic insight, strategic analysis, timely decision making, strategic culture, strategic leadership, strategic management of knowledge and strategic monitoring". Which was used to validate them (second question of research) from confirmatory factor analysis and structural equations. The results obtained after the removal of non-significant pathways indicated RMSEA (0. 052), NFI, CFI, GFI (0. 09), and Chi-square to degree of freedom is 3. 14, which indicates the optimal fit of the model and the conformance of the conceptual model of the research to observed data.